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About Us The Numismatic Bibliomania Society is a non-profit association devoted to the study and enjoyment of numismatic literature. For more information please see our web site at coinbooks.org Subscriptions Those wishing to become new E-Sylum subscribers can go to the following web page Subscribe You may Unsubscribe Here Membership There is a membership application available on the web site Membership Application To join, print the application and return it with your check to the address printed on the application. Print/Digital membership is $40 to addresses in the U.S., and $60 elsewhere. A digital-only membership is available for $25. For those without web access, write to: Jeff Dickerson, Treasurer Numismatic Bibliomania Society P. O. Box 578, Weatherford, TX 76086 Asylum For Asylum mailing address changes and other membership questions, contact Jeff at this email address: treasurer@coinbooks.org Submissions To submit items for publication in The E-Sylum, write to the Editor at this address: whomren@gmail.com BUY THE BOOK BEFORE THE COIN Sale Calendar Watch here for updates!

 

Content presented in The E-Sylum is not necessarily researched or independently fact-checked, and views expressed do not necessarily represent those of the Numismatic Bibliomania Society.

WAYNE'S WORDS: THE E-SYLUM SEPTEMBER 14, 2025

New subscribers this week include: Charles Jonath, courtesy John Dannreuther; David Geer, courtesy Chip Howell; Jorge L. Crespo Armáiz, Will Musgrove and Shane Cheek. Welcome aboard! We now have 6,979 subscribers.

Thank you for reading The E-Sylum. If you enjoy it, please send me the email addresses of friends you think may enjoy it as well and I'll send them a subscription. Contact me at whomren@gmail.com anytime regarding your subscription, or questions, comments or suggestions about our content.

Our mailing list cleanup continues as obsolete and unwanted subscriptions drop off, but it's encouraging to see a rise in new subscriptions since we've moved to our new Mailchimp platform. I've had no issues reported to me.

This week we open with some numismatic literature in the Holabird Americana sale, three new books and one newly available one, updates from the Newman Numismatic Portal, and more.

Other topics this week include the coins of Scotland, Ireland and Canada, the encased cents of Puerto Rico, counterfeit coins, Fugio cent ephemera, the Brooklyn Bridge centennial medal, rolled gold, Fractional Currency bricks and bands, auction previews, a semi-official medal for surviving Guadalcanal, the Thayer medal, the Purple Heart, and more.

To learn more about J. S. G. Boggs, coins of China and India, canvas bank bags, a fake 1853-O No Arrows Half Dollar, an American medal picturing fireworks, a museum of Bolivian numismatics, Fulbright scholars in numismatics, colonial currency and a tricorn hat, encased postage stamps, the Edward III gold Leopard D'Or, Lahainaluna Seminary scrip, 6th Indiana Infantry Regiment sutler scrip, Felix Schlag's grave marker, Sydney Noe, Richard Doty, Steve Feller, the National Bank Fruitcake Find and the murdered numismatic book author, read on. Have a great week, everyone!

Wayne Homren
Editor, The E-Sylum

 

HOLABIRD SEPTEMBER 2025 SALE: LITERATURE

Lot 3031: J. S. G. Boggs was an artist famous for creating currency artwork, which landed him legal troubles when accused of counterfeiting. Here is an accumulation about his work: the May 1994 Numismatist with cover story by Wayne K. Homren "A Collector's Encounter with J. S. G. Boggs." A hardbound copy of "Boggs: A Comedy of Values," by Lawrence Weschler; a hardbound copy of "Shapinsky's Karma, Boggs's Bills and other True-Life Tales" by Lawrence Weschler. J. S. G. Boggs smart money (hard currency), brochure from an exhibition organized by The Tampa Museum of Art.

Provenance: Fred Weinberg Numismatic Ephemera Collection

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NEW BOOK: COINS OF SCOTLAND, IRELAND AND THE ISLANDS, 5TH ED.

Sovereign Rarities Ltd of London, UK, are pleased to announce the brand new issue of a revised edition for 2026 of the "Coins of Scotland, Ireland and the Islands (Jersey, Guernsey, Man & Lundy) including Anglo-Gallic Coins" with a cover price of $65 plus postage.

This landmark release represents the companion guide-book to the 2025 "Coins of England and the United Kingdom" issued in two volumes by Sovereign Rarities earlier this year (pre-decimal $49.95 and decimal issues $39.95). The UK-based company took over these titles by purchase from Spink in 2024 and the issue of this new volume completes full circle the premier release of the three hardback volumes in the series.

This book is the fifth edition since its original inception as a standalone volume under Seaby in the early 1980s, and though it is not an annual publication, it has been in more recent decades a once in circa five-year update, which is what we at Sovereign Rarities intend to produce, depending on prevailing market conditions.

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NEW BOOK: THE 2026 CHARLTON COIN GUIDE

The Charlton Coin Guide returns for 2026 with more than 232 pages of information to assist you in determining the value of your coins.

The Guide, which is the oldest continuously published buying guide in Canada compromises:

• Approximately 36 pages of buying price for coins used in circulation back to 1858
• Modern collectable coins sold by the Royal Canadian Mint with valuations
• Paper money, which we use every day. All paper money listed is accompanied by buying price back to 1866
• Colonial Tokens used in Canada before Confederation in 1858
• Buying price of United States coins you may have in a dresser drawer. With the balance of pages covering the value of gold coins, the bullion value of gold and silver coins, and a small section on Military medals and awards

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AVAILABLE: CANADIAN NUMISMATIC BIBLIOGRAPHY

The Canadian Numismatic Bibliography is the definitive reference work for anyone collecting or researching Canadian coins, tokens, medals, or paper money. This monumental two-volume set—lavishly illustrated and meticulously annotated—spans over 1,200 large-format pages (8 1/2 x 11 inches) and represents more than twelve years of collaborative work by leading numismatic authors and researchers. Fewer than 50 sets remain from the original 2007 printing.

An essential tool for serious collectors, this bibliography covers more than four centuries of Canadian numismatic and economic history, including the French Regime, Pre-Confederation Coinage, Decimal Coinage, Patterns, Newfoundland Coinage, Banknotes, Biographies, Engravers, Trade Tokens, Medals, Collections, and much more. Each reference entry is supported by annotations and introductory essays to provide deeper context and insight.

Included is a searchable CD (produced in 2014) containing the full text—excluding images—allowing users to perform quick citation searches using Acrobat or Excel, significantly enhancing the book's usability beyond the printed index.

Please note: This title is sold at no commission by CoinStampSupplies.com to support the J. Douglas Ferguson Historical Research Foundation. As such, membership discounts do not apply.

Shipping is free, and orders will be fulfilled directly from the Foundation's publisher office in British Columbia. If your order includes additional items, they will be shipped separately by CoinStampSupplies.com.

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NEW BOOK: ENCASED CENTS OF PUERTO RICO, 2ND ED.

This catalog is focused on providing an overview and a comprehensive listing of the known or reported "encased" cents or coins directly related to Puerto Rican merchants, establishments, products, or special events. It is an update of the first work we published exactly ten (10) years ago, at that time the first attempt to catalog these interesting and rare pieces of our local exonumia.

The term "exonumia" is relatively new. It is derived from the classical roots exo, (out of) in Greek, and nummus, meaning "coin" in Latin, thus, pieces or collecting material that are "outside of the category of coins or legal currency". According to the Token and Medal Society (TAMS), exonumia was defined by TAMS founding member and foremost authority in the field of token collecting, Russell Rulau, in 1960. By 1962 the term, along with the name exonumist, was adopted by TAMS, and by 1965 it was admitted in the Webster's Dictionary.2 In general, exonumia refers to collectible items that, although they may have some face value, are mostly private issues, not official or legal currency, nor authorized by any government, as coins and paper money. Under this broad definition, exonumia groups a wide and varied range of collecting fields: tokens (civil war, merchant, plantation, transportation, military, scrip, other), medals, casino chips, altered coins (love tokens, Hobo Nickels, elongated coins, encased coins), counterstamped coins, game counters, dog tags, and many others.

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1853-O NO ARROWS HALF DOLLAR AUTHENTICATION

1853-O No Arrows Half Dollar Authentication

The 1853-O No Arrows half dollar is a well-known rarity in the U.S. series, with four pieces known. The highest graded coin, at VF35, resided for many years in the Eliasberg collection and is currently owned by Dell Loy Hansen. The second highest graded piece, VG8, was discovered in recent years. A Newman Portal user recently forwarded for authentication images of a low-grade example. A check of the Bill Bugert reference on Liberty Seated half dollar varieties quickly betrayed this piece, as the mintmark is punched too high as compared to a genuine example. In this case, an 1858-O piece was likely altered to appear as an 1853.

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VIDEO: MODERN CHINESE COUNTERFEIT PANDEMIC

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BANK OF NEW YORK FUGIO EPHEMERA

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BROOKLYN BRIDGE CENTENNIAL MEDAL

Referencing a question from Len Augsburger, Scott Miller writes:

Here is a link to an illustration of the event:
Bird's-Eye View of the Great New York and Brooklyn Bridge, and Grand Display of Fireworks on Opening Night...May 24, 1883 (https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/341751)

Here is a link to the Brooklyn Bridge Centennial medal issued in 1983; the reverse depicts an image of the Bridge on opening day with fireworks below.

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NOTES FROM E-SYLUM READERS: SEPTEMBER 14, 2025

Countries With an X In Their Name

To read the earlier E-Sylum article, see:
ABOUT THIS ISSUE: SEPTEMBER 7, 2025 (https://www.coinbooks.org/v28/esylum_v28n36a26.html)

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BOLIVIAN MONEY MUSEUM

To mark Bolivia's bicentennial, a family in Cochabamba has opened a door onto 8,000 years of value—stones, salt, coca leaves, silver reales, banknotes swollen by hyperinflation, even tokens for bitcoin. For collector Víctor Borda, money is no longer just an artifact. In his hands, it has become a memory Bolivians can touch.

A childhood hobby becomes a bicentennial museum.

Inside a bright hall in Cochabamba, coins gleam in ordered runs of copper and silver while banknotes fan out like pressed flowers. Together, they comprise the Borda-Luna collection, nearly 3,000 pieces that trace humanity's attempt to measure worth—from primitive exchange objects to digital-age medallions.

Its architect, 74-year-old Borda, began the hunt with a child's curiosity. "I started collecting at age 10 or 11; it was a wholesome pastime, and here I am," he told EFE, smiling at how a boy's diversion turned into a lifelong pursuit.

The obsession deepened between 2004 and 2009, when Borda lived in the United States and gained access to pieces so rare he once flirted with chasing a Guinness World Record. Family duty brought him home, but it also gave the collection its true purpose. Together with his wife, Sara Luna, he cataloged every piece—first by hand, then on a typewriter, later on a computer—so that, as he put it to EFE, "my people can see the world without paying a cent." In a country where most citizens may never travel beyond the Andes, the museum offers a passport stamped in silver, paper, and polymer.

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VOCABULARY TERM: ROLLED GOLD

Rolled Gold. A kind of gold filled – clad gold to a base metal, then rolled to required thickness – but of a gold content less than 1/20th total weight. There is more gold on a rolled gold object than one that is goldplated, even heavy coldplate but less than one that is gold filled. Rolled gold is abbreviated R.G.P. This is usually edgelettered on a medallic item.

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GEORGE FREDERICK GOULD (1912-1991)

How many American numismatic book authors were the victim of murder? I am aware of one, George Frederick Gould. He was the author of Merchant Tokens of Montana 1889-1939. It was published in 1978 with a plastic comb binding and 170 pages.

The Lewis County (WA) Sheriff responded to a call on November 6, 1991. George F. Gould, 78, of Curtis, Washington, was found dead in his Chevrolet Suburban on International Paper Co. Road a quarter mile east of Wildwood, Washington. The car was found stalled up against an embankment.

An autopsy was performed and found that Gould had died from blows to the head. The Sheriff called the death suspicious.

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FULBRIGHT SCHOLARS IN NUMISMATICS

Many years ago, during my graduate studies, I was fortunate to receive a Fulbright-Hays Award for a summer Arabic language program in Jordan. Out of curiosity, I recently conducted a search on the Newman Numismatic Portal (NNP) and other sources for names of numismatists who also won Fulbright Awards. Here are a number that I came across, starting with the earliest Fulbright scholar I could find.

1. Charles A. Hersh (England 1950)
2. Sydney P. Noe (Greece 1952-1953)
3. Theodore V. Buttrey (Italy 1953; Denmark 1985)
4. Richard G. Doty (Spain 1964)
5. Peter P. Gaspar (Portugal 1973)
6. Steve Feller (England 1996)
7. Madisen Caster (England 2020)

The Fulbright Program was created in 1946. It was founded through the legislative efforts of J. William Fulbright, U.S. Senator from Arkansas, who wanted Congress to establish an international exchange program to promote cultural understanding, friendship and peace between nations. This program is administered by the U.S. Department of State. In 1961, President Kennedy signed the Fulbright-Hays Act, to reauthorize and strengthen the Fulbright Program. This Act also created Fulbright-Hays Awards, which are administered by the U.S. Department of Education. (www.fulbrightprogram.org/about/timeline/).

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HERITAGE: U.S. COLONIAL CURRENCY SHOWCASE

Vermont February 1781 2s 6d PMG Very Fine 20 Net. All Vermont notes are very rare and most known examples are in extremely low grade. The majority of the known examples have been pieced together from several different notes, often of different denominations. They were printed on thin, weak paper that quickly disintegrated in circulation. Their scarcity is due to the fact that only a single issue was emitted, and that issue, authorized in February 1781, had its legal tender status revoked after a little more than a year in circulation. While this offering has been severed and reattached and repaired, it retains a very attractive appearance with boldly printed details on both face and back along with legible signatures. It is a more than acceptable example of a very rare Vermont note.

To read the complete item description, see:
Vermont February 1781 2s 6d PMG Very Fine 20 Net. (https://currency.ha.com/itm/colonial-notes/vermont/vermont-february-1781-2s-6d-pmg-very-fine-20-net/a/62410-94405.s)

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ORIGINAL FRACTIONAL CURRENCY BRICKS

Shane Cheek writes:

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EARLY AMERICAN HISTORY SEPTEMBER 2025 SALE

Early American History Auctions lives up to its namesake once again with an offering of 216 lots, including numerous important and unique items. This auction is presented online only on its website and through the Invaluable auction platform. The array covers multiple collecting fields, including historic autographs, engravings, documents, US Navy, Colonial and Revolutionary War documents, Continental and Colonial currency, George Washington, Federal period, Abraham Lincoln and Civil War encased postage stamps and artifacts, Black history, historic maps, plus political and decorative Americana. Absentee bidding has already opened, with the sale closing on September 20 at noon.

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EARLY AMERICAN HISTORY SEPTEMBER 2025 SELECTIONS

c. 1825 Official Seal of the United States Pendant Seal used for Treaties, 4+11/16" in diameter, Red Wax and its original impressed Red Silk Ribbon partially attached, smooth reverse, by Seraphim Masi of Washington D.C., Choice Extremely Fine.

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SOVEREIGN RARITIES AUCTION XIX: THORBURN COLLECTION

Sovereign Rarities proudly present their 19th Auction to be held at their London office on Tuesday 23rd September in conjunction with the Royal Mint. The online catalogue is now available to view at www.sovr.co.uk with images and estimates of every lot.

The sale commences with the magnificent Thorburn Collection of coins of 1887 mostly struck for the Golden Jubilee of Queen Victoria. This collection consists of over 200 coins arranged in 198 lots to begin the auction and covers everything numismatic from the Royal Mint medallions for the Jubilee and all the denominations in use for 1887 from the senior gold Five Pounds to the more lowly bronze Farthing as well as many patterns and proofs produced at the time for Adolph Weyl, J. Rochelle Thomas and Spink. The sale now has its own pdf flipbook with all relevant introductory passages at this link SOVR Auction XIX - Featuring the Thorburn Collection - Flip Book Catalogue

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WILTSHIRE-AREA TOKEN COLLECTION OFFERED

"During periods where there isn't much official currency around, local businesses tend to step in and create their own little tokens. So these would have been exchanged for people shopping, to pay people," she said.

A large private collection featuring hundreds of tokens is being sold at the auction house on 24 September. The coins date from the 1600s to the 1950s, with the majority from businesses and towns in Wiltshire.

They would have been made all over the country, all unique to their own area, but this collector lived in Wiltshire.

A few in the collection from the 1600s are tiny, but very clean. Swindon can be clearly seen on one, with the name William Heath, and another is from Devizes.

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ARCHIVES INTERNATIONAL SALE 106

Czechoslovakia, 1929. 500 Korun, P-24s, Specimen Banknote, Red on m/c underprint with arms at left and WWI Czech Legionnaire at right, Back is red on m/c with woman's head at center flanked by lion and child, Pin punched Specimen at top, S/N E-283648, Legacy graded Gem New 65PPQ with comment "Perforated Cancelled," ABNC.

To read the complete item description, see:
Czechoslovakia, 1929. 500 Korun, P-24s, Specimen Banknote, (https://auction.archivesinternational.com/Czechoslovakia-Narodni-Banka-Ceskoslovensk-1929-Specimen-Banknote_i57876267)

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STACK'S BOWERS: FALL 2025 MAASTRICHT AUCTION

BAHAMAS. Bahamas Government. 100 Dollars, 1965. P-25b. PMG Very Fine 30. While in rarity it is perhaps equal to the previous lot, the $100 1965 is certainly a true highlight, as we have never sold this variety at auction before, even if we have handled some of the great Commonwealth rarities. Just two examples have been graded in the PMG population report, compared to a rather large quantity of 19 notes of the two-signature variety, which is still a scarce and popular type. The $100 notes from the Bahamas are a bit of an anomaly in the world of paper money. Even though they were printed in reasonably large quantities, up to the late 1990s, their issuance was done rather inconsistently, and all $100 notes (even those printed in the 1990s) are very scarce. Tourists, many of whom come from the United States, will typically use U.S. Dollars, and few would see the local Bahamian currency. The local population had relatively little need for higher denominations, especially in the late 1960s, and small quantities would be distributed to local banks on the various islands, which were enough for local commerce. As a result, dealers and collectors acquired few, and most types are rare.

Of course, that does not quite explain the rarity of this note, one theory of which we have outlined in the previous lot. There is no doubt that this is a great rarity, and along with the $50 with triple signatures, this represents an exceptional opportunity. Even the greatest Commonwealth collectors have been unable to acquire this variety, despite their relatively recent issuance. Thankfully, even though this note spent some time in circulation, it is entirely intact and problem-free. It faces up well with considerable originality left. We can't stress enough the rarity of this note and have to mention that this is one of those that we urge you to strongly consider, as you don't want to regret placing just one more bid before the gavel falls on this lot.

To read the complete item description, see:
BAHAMAS. Bahamas Government. 100 Dollars, 1965. P-25b. PMG Very Fine 30. (https://auctions.stacksbowers.com/lots/view/3-1LI0T9/bahamas-bahamas-government-100-dollars-1965-p-25b-pmg-very-fine-30)

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STACK'S BOWERS: HENGEVELD'S MAASTRICHT FAVORITES

By now, you have probably seen the online catalog of the Fall 2025 Maastricht Showcase Auction, and printed catalogs will be in the mail shortly. In this blog, we will look at five notes that I personally like, for various reasons. If you have been reading these blogs for a while, you know that I have a keen interest in history, and I like several of these notes for their historical aspects. Others I like for their eye appeal or because of their rarity. As a result, these are not necessarily the most expensive notes in the sale, but notes that I think you should pay attention to.

This is a type that I have always been fond of, thanks to its pastel colors and tranquil scenes on both sides. A note with relatively modest face value, most seen in the marketplace today are in heavily circulated condition, and uncirculated examples are scarce. This example stood out to me because of the ‘EPQ' designation, indicating total originality, an exception to the rule, as these notes often have staining, pinholes, or other problems.

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GADOURY OCTOBER 4, 2025 FRENCH COINAGE

Philip VI 1328-1350 Golden Pavilion, issue of June 8, 1339, AU 5.07 g. Obverse: The king seated facing forward on a curule chair holding a fleur-de-lis scepter Reverse: Leafy and fleur-de-lis cross in a quatrilobe quartered with four crowns. Ref: Dup. 251, Fr. 266, L.254 Grading: PCGS MS 64 Conservation: FDC. Gorgeous

To read the complete item description, see:
Philip VI 1328-1350 Golden Pavilion, issue of June 8, 1339, AU 5.07 g. (https://www.biddr.com/auctions/gadoury/browse?a=6119&l=7521974)

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KUENKER AUCTION SALE 428

The coins and medals on offer feature not only portraits of the Grand Masters of the Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of Saint John. We repeatedly encounter the Order of Knights' patron saint, St. John, or rather his head, which is usually depicted lying on a platter. Such depictions are also known from sculpture. Many Order churches had three-dimensional reminders of the beheading caused by Salome, some of which still exist today.

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STACKS BOWERS: KING ERIK EMUNE PENNY

Some coinages seem to hint at special occasions, at a specific event that we may or may not recognize. One such item is a Penny from King Erik Emune (1134-1137), which Stack's Bowers Galleries is offering as lot 17035 in the L. E. Bruun Collectors Choice Online Auction, September 22-23, 2025. It may quite possibly have been struck to commemorate the Battle of Fotevik (Fodevig) in Scania in 1134.

In the battle, Erik Emune defeated the armies of King Niels and his son Magnus with the help of 300 German mercenary knights. Magnus died in the battle as did five bishops on Niels' side; Niels himself fled to the city of Schleswig where he was soon murdered by the inhabitants. Erik Emune won the Danish throne, even if he held it for only four years.

The coin in question, struck by King Erik, depicts on the reverse a rider wearing a crown, galloping right with his sword drawn and a cross before his face. It is an enticing thought that it might commemorate his victory at Fodevig. As a coin type, the rider is quite unique for Denmark and breaks tradition in not depicting a cross or another Christian symbol as the central element. This fits the Battle of Fodevig, where the use of cavalry also broke tradition and is regarded as the first Danish battle in which cavalry was used.

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THE OTHER GEORGE MEDAL: FACIAT GEORGIUS

"One miserable night on that crocodile-infested island, a few officers decided the division deserved a medal — not for heroism in the traditional sense, but simply for surviving that dreadful place," writes Chase Tomlin for the National World War II Museum.

What started as a jest soon became cast in bronze.

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WEST POINT CANCELS HANKS' THAYER MEDAL

The alumni association at the U.S. Military Academy at West Point has canceled an award ceremony for actor and veterans advocate Tom Hanks, citing a desire for the Army service academy to focus on preparing future officers for war after several political controversies involving the Trump administration shook the institution this year.

Retired Army Col. Mark Bieger, president and chief executive officer of the West Point Association of Graduates, disclosed the decision in an email to faculty circulated Friday. A copy of Bieger's message was reviewed and verified by The Washington Post.

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WWI PURPLE HEART MEDAL REUNITED WITH FAMILY

"I was asked last week by a lot of people, 'Why does this matter?' and 'Why are we putting so much work into trying to return these medals?'" she said. "These people were willing to give it all on behalf of all the rest of us here in this country. That kind of sacrifice deserves honor, it deserves respect and it deserves to be passed down through the generations."

Long thought to have been stolen, the Purple Heart medal that Worcester native Thomas Flynn was awarded for his World War I service was returned to his family at the State House Tuesday, Sept. 9, the latest reunification arranged by Treasurer Deborah Goldberg's Unclaimed Property Division.

The medal landed with the Unclaimed Property Division decades ago. It had been inside a safe deposit box under the name of Flynn's wife, Mary, who died in 1992. When the contents went unclaimed, the state took custody.

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LOOSE CHANGE: SEPTEMBER 14, 2025

17th Century Coin Hoard Found in Poland

A remarkable discovery was made near the village of Zewierszczów in the Lublin Voivodeship of Poland, when a local metal detectorist came across a hoard of thousands of mid-17th-century coins.

The find was uncovered by Grzegorz Panek, a member of the Hrubieszów Historical–Exploration Association "GROSSUS," who has been engaged for years in official searches for objects of historical value under conservation permits. In the process of investigating a strong signal from his detector, Panek unearthed several copper coins near the surface. What at first appeared to be scattered pieces soon revealed itself as part of a very large hoard. Additional coins poured out of the ground as he dug, eventually totaling some 5,000 specimens by estimation.

Preliminary analysis suggests that most of the hoard dates from the years 1650–1657, during the reign of King Jan II Kazimierz. Most of the copper coins are so-called "boratynki," small-denomination currency minted in huge numbers for both the Crown and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. They are named for Tito Livio Burattini, the royal official who organized their minting. Although modest in value in their time and still common among collectors today, the quantity of the find gives researchers a rare window into the circulation of everyday currency in early modern Poland.

To read the complete article, see:
Large 17th-century coin hoard unearthed in eastern Poland (https://archaeologymag.com/2025/09/17th-century-coin-hoard-eastern-poland/)

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ABOUT THIS ISSUE: SEPTEMBER 14, 2025

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